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Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production

Supriyono SUWITO, Giuliano DRAGONE, Hary SULISTYO, Bardi MURACHMAN, Suryo PURWONO, José TEIXEIRA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 210-215 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1282-5

摘要： A central composite rotatable design and response surface methodology were used in order to investigate the individual and combined effects of the ethanol-to-oil ratio, H SO concentration, temperature and time of reaction on the reduction of free fatty acid (FFA) in jatropha oil. A quadratic polynomial model relating the reaction variables with FFA reduction was developed, presenting a good coefficient of determination ( = 0.893). For reducing FFA to less than 1%, the optimal combination was found to be 0.62 v·v ethanol-to-oil ratio (14.9 v·v ethanol-to-FFA ratio), 1.7% v·v H SO concentration, and 79 min reaction time at a reaction temperature of 54°C. These results are of great relevance to maximize methyl esters formation by transesterification using an alkaline catalyst.

关键词： biodiesel     biofuel     esterification     free fatty acids     jatropha curcas oil    

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Co-fermentation of waste activated sludge with food waste for short-chain fatty acids production: effect

Leiyu FENG, Yuanyuan YAN, Yinguang CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 623-632 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0334-2

摘要： Effect of pH ranging from 4.0 to 11.0 on co-fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS) with food waste for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production at ambient temperature was investigated in this study. Experimental results showed that the addition of food waste significantly improved the performance of WAS fermentation system, which resulted in the increases of SCFAs production and substrate reduction. The SCFAs production at pH 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0 and fermentation time of 4 d was respectively 5022.7, 6540.5, 8236.6, and 7911.7 mg COD·L , whereas in the blank tests (no pH adjustment, pH 8.0 (blank test 1), no food waste addition, pH 8.0 (blank test 2), and no WAS addition (blank test 3)) it was only 1006.9, 971.1, and 1468.5 mg COD·L , respectively. The composition of SCFAs at pH from 6.0 to 9.0 was also different from other conditions and propionic acid was the most prevalent SCFA, which was followed by acetic and n-butyric acids, while acetic acid was the top product under other conditions. At pH 8.0 a higher volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction of 16.6% for the mixture of WAS and food waste than the sole WAS indicated a synergistic effect existing in fermentation system with WAS and food waste. The influence of pH on the variations of nutrient content was also studied during anaerobic fermentation of the mixture of WAS and food waste at different pH conditions. The release of increased with fermentation time at all pH values investigated except 4.0, 5.0 and in blank test one. The concentrations of soluble phosphorus at acidic pHs and in the blank test one were higher than those obtained at alkaline pHs. Ammonia and phosphorus need to be removed before the SCFAs-enriched fermentation liquid from WAS and food waste was used as the carbon source.

关键词： waste activated sludge (WAS)     food waste     co-fermentation     short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)     pH     synergistic effect    

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Influencing mechanism of high solid concentration on anaerobic mono-digestion of sewage sludge without agitation

Yuyao ZHANG,Huan LI,Can LIU,Yingchao CHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 1108-1116 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0806-x

摘要： High-solids anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was a promising process, but high solid concentration negatively influenced methane production. The influencing mechanism was systematically analyzed in this study through a series of static anaerobic digestion experiments at total solids (TS) contents of 3%–15%. The results showed that TS 6% was the boundary between low-solids and high-solids anaerobic digestion, and the accumulative methane yield decreased exponentially when TS increased from 6% to 15%. The performance of anaerobic digestion was directly determined by the efficiency of mass transfer, and the relation between methane yield and sludge diffusive coefficients was well described by a power function. Thus, the increasing TS resulted in an exponential increase in sludge viscosity but an exponential decrease in diffusive coefficient. The blocked mass transfer led to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and free ammonia. Acetic metabolism was the main process, whereas butyric and propionic metabolisms occurred at the initial stage of high-solids anaerobic digestion. The concentration of VFAs reached the maximum at the initial stage, which were still lower than the threshold influencing methanogens. The concentration of free ammonia increased gradually, and the methanogenesis was inhibited when free ammonia nitrogen exceeded 50 mg·L . Consequently, the deterioration of high-solids anaerobic digestion was related to the blocked mass transfer and the resulting ammonia accumulation.

关键词： anaerobic digestion     methane     sewage sludge     volatile fatty acids     free ammonia    

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Inhibition character of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater on biological acidification

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1403-9

摘要：

• The inhibition of the main organic pollutions in CMW was demonstrated.

关键词： Crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater     Biological acidification     Volatile fatty acids     Inhibition     Toxic units    

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Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 645-657 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0645-9

摘要： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common metabolic diseases currently in the context of obesity worldwide, which contains a spectrum of chronic liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic carcinoma. In addition to the classical “Two-hit” theory, NAFLD has been recognized as a typical gut microbiota-related disease because of the intricate role of gut microbiota in maintaining human health and disease formation. Moreover, gut microbiota is even regarded as a “metabolic organ” that play complementary roles to that of liver in many aspects. The mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated development of NAFLD include modulation of host energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and bile acid and choline metabolism. As a result, gut microbiota have been emerging as a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD by manipulating it in various ways, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and herbal components. In this review, we summarized the most recent advances in gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, as well as gut microbiota-targeted therapies on NAFLD.

关键词： gut microbiota     NAFLD     obesity     insulin resistance     bile acids     probiotic    

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Identification of Legionella species by the composition of cellular fatty acids

Cun-Lei FANG MD, Zhao-Hui HU PhD, Qing-Yi ZHU MD, Ya-Jun SONG PhD, Ya-Fang TAN PhD, Rui-Fu YANG PhD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 208-215 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0031-8

摘要： One hundred and fifty-three isolates from the environment and 36 reference strains of the were studied with regards to their composition of cellular fatty acids as determined by gas chromatography, and then were classified into 41 groups by numerical analysis. Most reference strains formed only a single group, except , , , , and , which were clustered into two or three groups. Even serological types of could be clearly identified. Therefore, in this study, numerical analysis of cellular fatty acid composition is an effective method for identifying species.

关键词： Legionella     numerical analysis     identification     fatty acids composition    

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Analysis of Brucella cellular fatty acids

Zhen-Xiang ZHAO MS, Hai JIANG MD, Bu-Yun CUI MS, Hong-Yan ZHAO, Dong-Ri PIAO MS, Lan-Yu LI, Su-Zhen HAO MS,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 216-219 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0037-2

摘要： To acquire data of Brucella cellular fatty acids (CFAs) and probe into the possibility of utilizing CFAs information in typing Brucella, 19 reference strains were subjected to CFAs study. After all strains were inoculated on Brucella Agar plates, the cells were harvested, saponificated, methylated and extracted to provide fatty acid methylesters for gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Based on the CFAs data matrix, a dendrogram of 19 reference strains was generated by SPSS11.5 software package. The results showed that 19 reference strains were divided into five clusters: cluster 1 included (bv. 1, 2, 3, 5) and ; cluster 2 included (bv. 3, 4, 5, 6) and (bv. 1, 2, 3); cluster 3 included (bv. 1, 2, 7, 9) and ; cluster 4 was (bv. 4); and cluster 5 was . Typing Brucella by GC analysis of CFAs is a good method to reflect drug resistance of Brucella, and the classification is beneficial for clinical therapy. It also provides a new result of typing and demonstrates that the traditional classification is not completely reasonable. CFAs analysis may identify (bv. 4) and .

关键词： Brucella     gas chromatography     cellular fatty acids     dendrogram     typing    

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Machine learning enabled prediction and process optimization of VFA production from riboflavin-mediated sludge fermentation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1735-8

摘要：

● Data-driven approach was used to simulate VFA production from WAS fermentation.

关键词： Machine learning     Volatile fatty acids     Riboflavin     Waste activated sludge     eXtreme Gradient Boosting    

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New insights into different surfactants’ impacts on sludge fermentation: Focusing on the particular metabolic processes and microbial genetic traits

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1527-6

摘要：

• The promoting effects for VFA generation follow the order of APG>SDBS>HTAB.

关键词： Waste activated sludge (WAS)     Volatile fatty acids (VFA)     Surfactant types     Functional microorganisms     Metabolic activity upregulation    

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Bile acids and their effects on diabetes

Cynthia Rajani, Wei Jia

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 608-623 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0644-x

摘要： Diabetes is a widespread, rapidly increasing metabolic disease that is driven by hyperglycemia. Early glycemic control is of primary importance to avoid vascular complications including development of retinal disorders leading to blindness, end-stage renal disease, and accelerated atherosclerosis with a higher risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and limb amputations. Even after hyperglycemia has been brought under control, “metabolic memory,” a cluster of irreversible metabolic changes that allow diabetes to progress, may persist depending on the duration of hyperglycemia. Manipulation of bile acid (BA) receptors and the BA pool have been shown to be useful in establishing glycemic control in diabetes due to their ability to regulate energy metabolism by binding and activating nuclear transcription factors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in liver and intestine as well as the G-protein coupled receptor, TGR5, in enteroendocrine cells and pancreatic -cells. The downstream targets of BA activated FXR, FGF15/21, are also important for glucose/insulin homeostasis. In this review we will discuss the effect of BAs on glucose and lipid metabolism and explore recent research on establishing glycemic control in diabetes through the manipulation of BAs and their receptors in the liver, intestine and pancreas, alteration of the enterohepatic circulation, bariatric surgery and alignment of circadian rhythms.

关键词： bile acids     metabolic memory     diabetes     circadian rhythm     bariatric surgery    

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Enhanced hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis through strategies of carbon recovery from alkaline/thermal treated sludge

Ling Wang, Chunxue Yang, Sangeetha Thangavel, Zechong Guo, Chuan Chen, Aijie Wang, Wenzong Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1348-4

摘要： Abstract • High hydrogen yield is recovered from thermal-alkaline pretreated sludge. • Separating SFL by centrifugation is better than filtration for hydrogen recovery. • The cascaded bioconversion of complex substrates in MECs are studied. • Energy and electron efficiency related to substrate conversion are evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the biohydrogen production from thermal (T), alkaline (A) or thermal-alkaline (TA) pretreated sludge fermentation liquid (SFL) in a microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) without buffer addition. Highest hydrogen yield of 36.87±4.36 mgH2/gVSS (0.026 m3/kg COD) was achieved in TA pretreated SFL separated by centrifugation, which was 5.12, 2.35 and 43.25 times higher than that of individual alkaline, thermal pretreatment and raw sludge, respectively. Separating SFL from sludge by centrifugation eliminated the negative effects of particulate matters, was more conducive for hydrogen production than filtration. The accumulated short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) after pretreatments were the main substrates for MEC hydrogen production. The maximum utilization ratio of acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid was 93.69%, 90.72% and 91.85%, respectively. These results revealed that pretreated WAS was highly efficient to stimulate the accumulation of SCFAs. And the characteristics and cascade bioconversion of complex substrates were the main factor that determined the energy efficiency and hydrogen conversion rate of MECs.

关键词： Waste activated sludge (WAS)     Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)     Hydrogen     Pretreatment     Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs)    

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Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期   页码 817-829 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2254-z

摘要： Amino acids are important nitrogen-containing chemicals that have a variety of applications. Currently, fermentation is the widely employed method to produce amino acids; however, the products are mostly limited to natural amino acids in the L-configuration. Catalytic synthesis is an alternative approach for the synthesis of amino acids with different types and configurations, where the use of renewable biomass-based feedstocks is highly attractive. To date, several lignocellulose and triacylglycerol-derived intermediates, typically α-keto acids and α-hydroxyl acids, have been transformed into amino acids via the amination reaction in the presence of additional nitrogen sources (i.e., NH3·H2O). Making full use of inherent nitrogen in biomass (i.e., chitin and protein) to produce amino acids avoids the use of extra nitrogen sources and meets the requirements of green chemistry, which is attracting increasing attention. In this review, we summarize different chemical-catalytic systems for the transformation of biomass to amino acids. An outlook on the challenges and opportunities for more effective production of amino acids from biomass by catalytic methods is provided.

关键词： biomass     amino acids     chitin     nitrogen-containing compounds     lignocellulose    

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Upgrading VFAs bioproduction from waste activated sludge via co-fermentation with soy sauce residue

Yanqing Duan, Aijuan Zhou, Kaili Wen, Zhihong Liu, Wenzong Liu, Aijie Wang, Xiuping Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1086-7

摘要：

SSR addition upgraded VFAs production from WAS.

Structure modification by pretreatments led to performance distinctions.

Distinctions in microbial community was observed by pretreatments selection.

Up to 0.49‒0.65 billion €/year of market value potential was preliminary estimated.

关键词： Waste activated sludge (WAS)     Soy sauce residue (SSR)     Sludge conditioning     Volatile fatty acids (VFAs)     Microbial diversity    

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miRNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 389-396 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0468-5

摘要：

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is a considerable threat to public health. miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and the dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in various biological processes in the liver, including lipid homeostasis, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Recently, a number of studies have described the association between miRNAs and NAFLD progression and have shown that circulating miRNAs reflect histological changes in the liver. Therefore, circulating miRNAs have potential use for the evaluation of NAFLD severity. In this review, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in NAFLD pathogenesis and the key role of miRNAs in the screening, diagnosis, and staging of NAFLD.

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease     nonalcoholic steatohepatitis     hepatocellular carcinoma     miRNA    

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Molecular mechanisms of fatty liver in obesity

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 275-287 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0410-2

摘要：

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a spectrum of liver disorders ranging from simple steatosis to advanced pathologies, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. NAFLD significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in developed societies. Insulin resistance associated with central obesity is the major cause of hepatic steatosis, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipid droplets in the liver. Accumulating evidence supports that dysregulation of adipose lipolysis and liver de novo lipogenesis (DNL) plays a key role in driving hepatic steatosis. In this work, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms responsible for enhanced adipose lipolysis and increased hepatic DNL that lead to hepatic lipid accumulation in the context of obesity. Delineation of these mechanisms holds promise for developing novel avenues against NAFLD.

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease     insulin resistance     obesity    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Optimization of pretreatment of Jatropha oil with high free fatty acids for biodiesel production

Supriyono SUWITO, Giuliano DRAGONE, Hary SULISTYO, Bardi MURACHMAN, Suryo PURWONO, José TEIXEIRA

期刊论文

Co-fermentation of waste activated sludge with food waste for short-chain fatty acids production: effect

Leiyu FENG, Yuanyuan YAN, Yinguang CHEN

期刊论文

Influencing mechanism of high solid concentration on anaerobic mono-digestion of sewage sludge without agitation

Yuyao ZHANG,Huan LI,Can LIU,Yingchao CHENG

期刊论文

Inhibition character of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater on biological acidification

期刊论文

Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

期刊论文

Identification of Legionella species by the composition of cellular fatty acids

Cun-Lei FANG MD, Zhao-Hui HU PhD, Qing-Yi ZHU MD, Ya-Jun SONG PhD, Ya-Fang TAN PhD, Rui-Fu YANG PhD,

期刊论文

Analysis of Brucella cellular fatty acids

Zhen-Xiang ZHAO MS, Hai JIANG MD, Bu-Yun CUI MS, Hong-Yan ZHAO, Dong-Ri PIAO MS, Lan-Yu LI, Su-Zhen HAO MS,

期刊论文

Machine learning enabled prediction and process optimization of VFA production from riboflavin-mediated sludge fermentation

期刊论文

New insights into different surfactants’ impacts on sludge fermentation: Focusing on the particular metabolic processes and microbial genetic traits

期刊论文

Bile acids and their effects on diabetes

Cynthia Rajani, Wei Jia

期刊论文

Enhanced hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis through strategies of carbon recovery from alkaline/thermal treated sludge

Ling Wang, Chunxue Yang, Sangeetha Thangavel, Zechong Guo, Chuan Chen, Aijie Wang, Wenzong Liu

期刊论文

Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

期刊论文

Upgrading VFAs bioproduction from waste activated sludge via co-fermentation with soy sauce residue

Yanqing Duan, Aijuan Zhou, Kaili Wen, Zhihong Liu, Wenzong Liu, Aijie Wang, Xiuping Yue

期刊论文

miRNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

null

期刊论文

Molecular mechanisms of fatty liver in obesity

null

期刊论文